Downplay: “only / merely”
numbers, opinions, roles → trivialize scope
Open details
Form: N + にすぎない|V-dict + にすぎない(polite: 〜にすぎません)
Use when: you play down size/importance (“it’s just …”). Often with quantities or “opinion”.
Contrast: だけだ = neutral “only”; にすぎない = stronger “merely”.
Assert identity / reason
“is none other than …”; formal emphasis
Open details
Form: N + にほかならない|(Reason)+ からにほかならない|N + である + にほかならない(formal)
Use when: define something strongly or state the exact reason; speeches, writing.
Contrast: に違いない = “must be” (inference). にほかならない = assertion/definition, not guess.
1) 〜にすぎない — “only / merely” (downplay)
Use to minimize importance/amount. Sounds more formal/emphatic than simple だけ.
Form: N + にすぎない|V-dict + にすぎない Polite: 〜にすぎません
それは
That’s nothing but a rumor.
これは
This is only my opinion.
The numbers are merely a rough guide.
Common pair:ただの/単 なる + N + にすぎない
Contrast:〜だけだ(neutral) < 〜にすぎない(strong downplay)
2) 〜にほかならない — “is none other than …” (assert identity/reason)
Strong, formal identification or reason. Often appears in speeches, editorials, reports.
Form: N + にほかならない|Clause + からにほかならない|N + である + にほかならない(very formal)
この
This success is nothing but the result of the team’s effort.
The reason I was late is none other than oversleeping.
その
That policy is nothing but to put safety first.
Reason pattern:A(clause) + からにほかならない = “precisely because A”.
Register:formal/written → everyday speech often uses 〜そのものだ/まさに〜だ/〜からだ.
Quick contrasts & pitfalls
- にすぎない = “merely/only” (downplay). だけだ = neutral “only”.
- にほかならない = strong assertion/definition. に違いない = inference (“must be”) → different stance.
- からにほかならない vs からだ:both give reasons; the former is more formal/emphatic.
- Tone: both are rather formal; avoid overuse in casual talk unless you want that rhetorical feel.