N1 — Even / at least
Say “even / at least / despite” with the right tool — fast.
1-min takeaway
- 〜すら = pick the most extreme/minimum example (often negative).
- 〜だに = literary “even to (think/mention) … not”. Fixed phrase: 想像だにしない.
- 〜といえども = formal concessive “even though …” (with title/status). Daily speech → 〜ても.
- 〜に至っては = “as for …, even …” — highlight an extreme outlier in a contrast.
- 〜に至るまで = marks the end of a wide range: “from A up to even B”.
- 〜にして = “even for (status/age)” / “only when/at (age/time)”.
Choose by intent
Pattern cards
1) 〜すら — “even …”
Form: N / Nで (=ですら) / Nに + すらPicks the most extreme/minimum example to stress the statement (often negative).
I was so busy I couldn’t even have lunch.
その
Even specialists find that rumor hard to believe.
2) 〜だに — literary “even to … not”
Form: V-dictionary + だにVery formal/literary; mostly with negation or fixed phrases.
彼が
I never even imagined that he would leave.
その
The devastation is painful even to talk about.
3) 〜といえども — formal “even though …”
Form: N・Aな である / Aい / V + といえどもUse with statuses/conditions; in daily speech swap to 〜ても.
Even experts make mistakes.
Even if we are poor, we won’t lose our pride.
4) 〜に至っては — “as for …, even …”
Form: N + に至っては
The outskirts are quiet; the station area is crowded.
彼に至っては、
As for him, he oversleeps three times a week.
5) 〜に至るまで — “up to / even to …”
Form: N + に至るまで
The damage spread from downtown all the way to the suburbs.
From housework to company management — she did it all.
6) 〜にして — “even for / only when / at (age)”
Form: N + にして(〜ない/も/初めて)Multiple senses: status/age “even for …” or time “only when/at …”.
Even for a top researcher, no exceptions are allowed.
At the age of forty, I saw the sea for the first time.